Stomach aches are one of the most common complaints I hear. Most are short-lived and fixable at home, but some point to something that needs real medical care. This guide helps you figure out likely causes, easy ways to feel better, and the red flags that mean you should see a doctor.
Not every stomach pain is the same. If it comes after a heavy meal or spicy food, you’re probably dealing with indigestion or acid reflux. Sharp, cramping pain with bloating or gas usually comes from trapped gas or mild food intolerance. If pain comes with fever and diarrhea, think infection like gastroenteritis. Menstrual cramps, muscle strain, constipation, and side effects of medicines can also cause tummy pain.
Location matters: pain near the belly button that moves to the lower right could be appendicitis. Pain under the ribs on the right may be gallbladder-related. Upper-middle pain after fatty meals could point to the gallbladder or pancreas. Use location plus symptoms (fever, vomiting, bloody stool) to decide how urgent it is.
Try simple steps first. Sip small amounts of water or a clear electrolyte drink if you’re dehydrated. Eat bland foods (toast, rice, bananas, applesauce) and avoid alcohol, caffeine, and fatty or spicy meals for 24–48 hours. A heating pad on the belly for 15–20 minutes can ease cramping.
Over-the-counter options: antacids for heartburn, simethicone for gas, and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto) for mild diarrhea or upset stomach. For constipation, a gentle fiber supplement or a mild laxative can help. Don’t reach for strong painkillers like ibuprofen if you suspect a stomach ulcer or bleeding—acetaminophen is safer in those cases, but check with a clinician if you’re unsure.
Rest and calm your breathing. Stress and anxiety often make stomach pain worse, so slow breathing or a short walk can reduce symptoms. If food poisoning is likely, avoid solid food until vomiting stops and focus on fluids.
Go to urgent care or the ER if you have severe, sudden pain; a hard or rigid belly; fainting; persistent vomiting; blood in vomit or stool; high fever; or signs of severe dehydration (very little urine, dry mouth, dizziness). Also seek help if pain lasts more than 48 hours, keeps getting worse, or you’re pregnant.
If you have ongoing mild pain, weight loss, trouble swallowing, or repeated vomiting, book a primary care visit. They may order blood tests, imaging, or refer you to a specialist to find the cause and prevent repeat problems.
Treating a stomach ache doesn’t have to be scary. Use location and symptoms to judge urgency, try simple home fixes first, and get medical care when warning signs appear. If in doubt, call a health professional—fast answers end a lot of worry.
